Everyone loves a good crime story. The inherent drama gives audiences a vicarious glimpse of life that they, fortunately, are never likely to face firsthand. But do these stories influence what people really believe about criminal activity?
The Power of Media in Shaping Crime Perceptions
Academic George Gerbner coined the term “mean world syndrome” during the 1970s to describe the perception of the world as a perilous place (more so than studies may suggest): a phenomenon that may stem from violence-saturated media. Statistics show violent crime declining, but a 2023 Gallup poll found that 77% of Americans still believe crime is increasing nationally.
Gerbner’s cultivation theory, dating to the 1960s, also posits that ongoing exposure to media distorts our perception of the world. It’s notable that studies differ on whether media causes violence and crime or just instills a belief that these are more prevalent.
Let’s consider the ways entertainment media has influenced public views on criminal activity and the social consequences of these views, occasionally referencing some popular titles along the way.
On-Screen Crime vs. Reality: Debunking the Myths
Serial Killers: Rare, Not Rampant
Hannibal Lecter, the educated, articulate, and occasionally charming antagonist of “The Silence of the Lambs” made a lasting impression on film audiences. His personality and ability to evade capture through ever-more clever methods made him an iconic character. But while some serial killers are highly educated, they’re exceedingly rare. Fewer than 2% of murders are the work of serial killers.
Violent Crimes: Not the Norm
While violent crimes understandably stoke the greatest fear, theft is five times more common. According to the FBI, just 0.38% of Americans experience violent crimes, while nearly 2% are victims of theft. Of course, unless a theft is particularly complex and consequential, it lacks the visceral appeal of violent crime onscreen.
Law Enforcement: Beyond the Action Hero
While all first responders can be considered heroes, John McClane from “Die Hard,” a lone wolf police officer who singlehandedly (and with few resources) thwarted a host of brutal terrorists, is a rare hero indeed. The cop who goes to great lengths—and here, heights—to stop the bad guys using creative but unlikely methods is almost exclusively the work of fiction.
Consequences of Media Misrepresentation
Stereotype and Bias Reinforcement
Stereotypical depictions of on-screen criminals’ ethnicity or socioeconomic status can contribute to misconceptions that criminals typically fit certain demographic profiles. Likewise, films featuring corruption and dysfunction within law enforcement, from “The Departed” to “Training Day” to “Dark Blue,” can reinforce biases against law enforcement.
Desensitization to Real Suffering
Desensitization to screen violence as a catalyst for violent behavior in viewers is a contentious topic. But desensitization in another sense—stemming from turning real-life tragedies into entertainment—creates its own concerns. True crime stories can be engrossing, but the public may lose empathy for the real victims of these events.
Policy Impact
While murder rates have been falling in recent years, the public’s perception of these rates is rising, driven to some extent by the overrepresentation of crime in entertainment and news. As a result, some public officials are proposing or enacting tough, punitive policies that may not align with actual criminal trends.
Get a True Picture of Criminal Activity From the Experts
While media portrayals often exaggerate criminal activity for dramatic purposes and diverge from reality, education can bridge this gap. Understanding the realities of criminal activity and the criminal justice system is crucial for:
- Informed civic engagement.
- Effective policy-making.
- Fair and just law enforcement practices.
The University of Texas Permian Basin offers online criminal justice degree programs that provide an accurate, comprehensive understanding of crime, law enforcement, and the justice system. Led by faculty who have worked extensively in the criminal justice field, these programs equip you with knowledge and credentials that provide a strong foundation for a diverse range of rewarding careers.
Online Bachelor of Science in Criminology and Criminal Justice Studies
Get started with an enlightening review of criminal justice concepts complemented by a diverse range of soft skill-enhancing general education subjects. If you’re a member of Texas law enforcement, you may be able to waive a portion of tuition and fees for this undergraduate program. Contact UTPB’s financial aid team for details.
See potential career paths and salaries associated with this UTPB degree.
Online Master of Science in Criminal Justice Administration
Ready for graduate studies with no GRE or thesis requirements? This program provides an advanced examination of criminal justice issues that’s especially valuable for individuals working in the field and seeking to become more impactful leaders.
- Finish your degree in as little as one year.
- Earn about 16% more than you would with a bachelor’s degree alone.
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Both programs enable you to complete your studies on your schedule from just about any location. Whether you’re dealing with shift work, personal obligations, or other commitments, you can earn a career-boosting degree online from UTPB!
Sources:
https://www.simplypsychology.org/cultivation-theory.html
https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/new-evidence-suggests-media-violence-effects-may-be-minimal
https://www.apa.org/topics/video-games/violence-harmful-effects
https://thecord.ca/the-impact-of-media-on-public-perception-of-crime-and-criminal-justice/
https://johnhoward.ca/blog/media-portrayals-crime-create-problems/
https://www.silvalegal.com/the-impact-of-media-on-public-perception-of-crime-and-the-criminal-justice-system/