When you hear the word “accountant,” who comes to mind? Someone balancing spreadsheets and filing taxes? If so, you’re on the right track. But there’s more to it.
Within the field of accounting, one credential stands apart: the Certified Public Accountant (CPA).
While both accountants and CPAs manage finances, advise clients, and ensure the accuracy of tax documents, the paths to get there—and the responsibilities that follow—can look very different. Understanding these differences can help you make a career decision that aligns with your goals, budget, and timeline.
In this article, we’ll explore:
All CPAs are accountants, but not all accountants are CPAs.
(Still with us? Don’t worry—we’ll make the differences crystal clear.)
Accountants typically hold a bachelor’s degree in accounting or finance and work with individuals or organizations to record, analyze, and report financial information. They often prepare tax returns, manage budgets, or oversee day-to-day bookkeeping.
Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), on the other hand, have additional education and licensing that qualify them for higher-level work. This credential signals a higher standard of expertise and ethics. It also grants legal authority to perform tasks that standard accountants cannot.
In short: Accountants are financial experts. CPAs are licensed professionals who can represent clients, audit companies, and verify public financial statements.
To become an accountant, most professionals earn a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field. From there, many gain experience in corporate finance, auditing, or tax preparation.
Becoming a CPA requires going a few steps further. Candidates must:
As of August 1, 2026, Texas will have two pathways to becoming a CPA:
If you’re researching how to become a CPA, understanding these education and licensing benchmarks is essential. While the path to CPA status requires more upfront time and effort, it often opens doors to senior positions and higher earning potential.
Both accountants and CPAs can handle financial reporting, tax preparation, and budgeting, but CPAs have special privileges that set them apart.
CPAs can:
Accountants can:
The key difference: CPAs have legal authority and public accountability. Their work is regulated by state boards, which adds a layer of trust and professional recognition. This is one reason the CPA vs. accountant salary gap continues to favor licensed CPAs.
With so many specializations in the accounting industry, choosing the right path can feel overwhelming. The best choice ultimately depends on your goals, lifestyle, and how much time and money you want to invest upfront.
Here’s a breakdown of common accounting career goals and which professional path might fit best:
| Career Goal | Recommended Path | Why It Fits |
| Working in public accounting or auditing | CPA | Required for attestation and audit services |
| Running a bookkeeping or small tax business | Accountant | Lower entry barrier and faster setup |
| Advancing to senior corporate roles | CPA | Adds credibility and promotion potential |
| Transitioning into consulting or advisory work | CPA | Broad recognition and client trust |
| Maintaining flexibility or part-time work | Accountant | Quicker start and greater autonomy |
One of the biggest questions for prospective CPAs is, “Is becoming a CPA worth it?” Ultimately, it depends on your long-term goals and how quickly you want to grow in the field.
The path to CPA licensure comes with an additional investment of time and money. Most candidates complete extra coursework beyond their bachelor’s degree, often through a master’s in accounting or a professional accountancy program.
Here’s a quick breakdown of what those costs might look like in practice:
Despite the upfront investment, the financial payoff happens quickly for most CPAs. On average, CPAs earn 15–25% more than non-CPA accountants and often see faster promotions to management-level roles.
In addition, most CPAs recover their educational investment within three to five years of licensure, especially those pursuing careers in auditing or corporate leadership.
Not quite ready for CPA licensure? Starting as a non-CPA accountant can also be a smart move. You’ll:
In accounting, there are many paths to success. In some settings, however, having a CPA license isn’t optional.
A CPA credential is essential for:
It’s helpful (but not required) for:
It’s optional for:
The takeaway: Credentials matter most in regulated environments or roles that involve public accountability. In private or specialized niches, experience and technical skills can carry equal weight.
While licensing remains valuable, technology and strategy are quickly reshaping the future of accounting.
Modern accountants are expected to use cloud-based tools, automate data collection, and interpret financial insights that drive smarter business decisions. In addition, a new set of tech-savvy skills is becoming increasingly essential, including:
Tomorrow’s most successful accountants will blend financial expertise (the knowledge) with innovation and adaptability (the skills).
Both accountants and CPAs play crucial roles in today’s financial ecosystem. The best path for you depends on your goals, your timeline, and how far you want to grow in the profession.
If you’re just starting your accounting journey, check out UT Permian Basin’s online BBA in accounting. It provides a strong foundation in financial principles, business strategy, and analytical skills, preparing you for entry-level roles or for future graduate study.
If you’re ready to deepen your expertise and qualify for the CPA exam, UTPB’s online AACSB-accredited Master of Professional Accountancy program can help you take the next step. It’s designed to open doors to senior-level opportunities in accounting and finance. This flexible, cost-effective program helps you meet CPA exam requirements and advance your career — on your schedule and from wherever you are.
In accounting (and life), the best decisions start with knowing your options. Chat with an advisor to find the right path for you.
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